Pigs Are Efficient, but Not Forgiving
Pigs convert feed into growth more efficiently than almost any other common livestock species, but they also have specific nutritional needs that change significantly as they grow. Feeding the wrong ration at the wrong stage can slow growth, waste money, or cause health problems.
Feeding Young Pigs
Piglets need a high-protein, easily digestible starter feed in the weeks immediately following weaning, since their digestive systems are still maturing and can’t handle heavy grain rations right away. Introducing new feed gradually and ensuring constant access to clean water supports a smooth transition.
Feeding Growing Pigs
As pigs move into the grower stage, typically 50 to 150 pounds, a grower ration with slightly lower protein than starter feed supports steady, efficient weight gain. This is the stage where most of a pig’s structural growth, including bone and muscle development, takes place.
Feeding Finishing Pigs
Finisher rations, fed from around 150 pounds to market weight, typically have lower protein and higher energy content since the focus shifts toward fat deposition and final weight gain. Overfeeding energy at this stage can lead to excess backfat, which affects carcass quality and value.
Feeding Breeding Stock
Gestating sows need a controlled, moderate-energy diet to prevent excessive weight gain, while lactating sows need substantially more energy and protein to support milk production for a litter of piglets. Boars generally need a maintenance-level diet unless they’re actively breeding heavily.
Supplementing with Pasture and Scraps
Pigs raised on pasture can supplement a portion of their diet with forage, but a complete, balanced feed should still make up the bulk of the ration to ensure proper growth and health. Be cautious with kitchen scraps, since certain foods are unsafe for pigs and regulations around feeding food waste vary by region.
Shop our complete range of pig feed and nutrition products for every growth stage, and browse our pigs for sale if you’re starting or expanding your herd. For detailed nutrient requirement charts, the Cooperative Extension System is a trusted resource.
